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  1. What state of charge means on a home battery

    What the percentage on a home battery or power station measures, how it relates to empty and full, and why it's a gauge rather than a ruler.

  2. How a battery works out its percentage

    How a battery's electronics estimate its charge level from voltage and current, and why each method has weak spots.

  3. What a backup reserve setting does

    How a backup reserve setting holds back part of a home battery's charge for outages, and what that leaves for everyday use.

  4. Reading the battery app screens

    What charge, discharge and standby labels usually mean in a home battery app, and which makers' pages say so.

  5. Turning a percentage into hours of backup

    A step-by-step way to estimate hours of backup from usable capacity and load, and why a battery's percentage needs care.

  6. Why the percentage jumps or drifts

    Why a battery's percentage can fall fast, stall near full, or jump after a rest, based on makers' and reference pages.